Section
I
Surface Chemistry: Adsorption, Adsorption of gases by solids, Types of
adsorption, Adsorption isotherm, Determination of surface area of adsorbents,
Adsorption of solutes by solids.
Photochemistry: Einstein law of photochemical equivalence, Consequences
of light absorption by atoms and molecules, Phosphorescence, fluorescence.
Phase rule: Gibbs phase rule, One and Two component systems.
Section III
Electrochemistry: Standard cells, Standard electrode potentials, Nernst
equation, Calculation of single electrode potential and E.M.F.,
DS and
DH ,Equilibrium constant, Types of
electrode , Chemical cells with and without transference, Concentration cells
with and without transference, Junction potential, Over voltage and its
measurement , Commercial cells.
Section IV
Statistical Mechanics: The thermodynamic probability of a system, The most
probable distribution, The partition function, Systems of independent particles,
The energy of a system, Separation of the partition function, The partition
function for translation, The thermodynamic function for translation, rotation,
vibration and electronic exitation, Mono atomic gases, Rotation, Vibration, The
electronic partition function, Results of statistical calculation, Statistical
calculation of equilibrium constants, Entropy and probability,Bose-Einstein and
Fermi - Dirac statistics.
Text Book:
Maron and Prutton“Principles of Physical chemistry” 4th
Edition, Oxford and Ibh publisher.
CHEM
122 (Organic Chemistry II)
Section I
Alkynes:
Structure of acetylene, Physical properties, Industrial source, Preparation and
reactions of alkynes, Reduction of alkenes, Electrophilic addition to alkynes,
Hydration of alkynes, Acidity of alkynes, Reactions of metal acetylides,
Formation of carbon-carbon bonds.
Aromaticity:
Aliphatic and aromatic compounds, Structure of benzene, Kekule structure,
Stability of the benzene ring, Heat of hydrogenation, Carbon-carbon bond lengths
in benzene, Orbital picture, Representation of benzene ring, Huckel 4n + 2 rule,
Polynuclear aromatics.
Electrophilic aromatic substitution:
Effect of substituent groups, Determination of orientation, Determination of
relative reactivity, Classification of substituent groups, Orientation in
disubstited benzenes, Mechanism of nitration, Sulphonation, Halogenation and
Friedle crafts reactions, Reactivities and orientation, Theory of orientation,
Electron release via resonance, Effect of halogenation on electrophilic aromatic
substitution.
Section II
Aldehydes and Ketones:
Physical proporties,
Preparation, Preparation of Ketones by friedel craft acylation and use of organo-copper
compounds, Reactions: Oxidation, Reduction, Addition of cyanide, Alcohols and
derivatives of ammonia, Cannizaro reaction, Addition of Grignard reagents,
Products of Grignard synthesis, Limitations of Grignard synthesis, THP group as
protecting group, Iodoform test.
Carboxylic Acids:
Physical properties, Salts
of carboxylic acids, Industrial source, Preparation, Grignard and nitrile
synthesis, Reactions, Structure of carboxylate ions, Effect of substituents on
acidity, Conversion into acid chloride, Esters and amides, Reduction of acids
into alcohols, Halogenation of aliphatic acids.
Section III
Amines: Preparation, Reduction
of nitro compounds, Ammonolysis of halides, Reductive amination, Hoffmann
rearrangement, Basicity of amines, Structure and basicity, Effect of
substituents on basicity of aromatic amines, Ring substitutions in aromatic
amines, Reactions of amines with nitrous acid, Diazonium salt, Sand Meyer
reaction, Synthesis of phenol, Diazonium salt (replacement by – H), Synthesis
using diazonium salts, Synthesis of azocompounds, Beckman rearrangement,
Hoffmann rearrangement.
Phenols: Structure, Physical
properties, Salts of phenols, Preparation, Reactions, Acidity of phenols, Fries
rearrangement, Ring substitution, Kolbe's reaction, Riemer tiemann's reaction, Formation of aryl ethers.
Section IV
Carbanions:Acidity of µ- hydrogens, Reactions involving carbanions, Base-promoted halogenation of ketones, Acid-catalysed halogenation of ketone, Enolization, Aldol condensation, Dehydration of aldol products, Use of aldol condensation in synthesis, Crossed aldol condensation, Reactions related to the aldol condensation, The Wittig reaction, Claisen condensation, Formation of b-keto esters, Crossed Claisen condensation, Carbanions in organic synthesis, Malonic ester synthesis of carboxylic acid, Acetoacetic ester synthesis of ketones, Decarboxylation of b keto acids and malonic acids, Direct and indirect alkylation of esters and ketones, Synthesis of acids and esters via 2-oxozolines, Organoborate synthesis of acids and ketones, Alkylation of carbonyl compound via enamines.
Text Book:
Morison R.T. and Boyd R.N. "Organic chemistry" 6th Edition, Prentice
Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 1994.
CHEM 123 (Inorganic Chem. II)
Section I
Group 14 elements:
Introduction and uses of
the elements (Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin and Lead), Structure and allotropy
of the elements, Differences between carbon, silicon and remaining elements,
Carbon dating, Physical properties, Carbides, Oxygen compounds, Carbonates, the
Carbon cycle, Sulphides, Oxides of Silicon, Silicates, Classification of
Silicates, Silicates in technology, Organosilicon compounds and the Silicones,
Hydrides, Cyanides, complexes, Internal π bonding using d orbitals, Tetra
halides, Dihalides, Cluster compounds, Organic derivatives.
Group 15 elements:
Electronic structure and
oxidation states, uses (Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Arsenic, antimony and bismuth),
General properties, Bond type, Metallic and nonmetallic character, Reactivity,
Hydride, Liquid ammonia as a solvent, Hydrogen azide and azide, Fertilizers,
Nitrogen fixation, Urea, phosphate fertilizers, Halides, Oxides of nitrogen,
Oxyacids of nitrogen, Oxides of phosphorous, Arsenic and bismuth, Oxoacids of
phosphorous, The phosphoric acid series, The phosphorous acid series, major uses
of phosphates.
Section II
Group 16 elements:
General properties,
Electronic structure and oxidation states, Uses of elements, Structure and
allotropy of the elements, Chemistry of ozone, Oxidation states (+II), (+IV) and
(+VI), Bond length and pπ-dπ bonding, Differences between oxygen and the other
elements, General properties of oxides, Oxides of sulphur, selenium, tellurium
and polonium, Oxoacids of sulphur, Hydrides, Halides, Compounds of sulphur and
nitrogen.
Group 17 elements: The halogens: Introduction
and uses of the elements, Size of atoms and ions, Ionization
energy, Types of bonds formed and oxidation states, Melting
point and boiling points, Bond energy in X2 molecules,
Oxidizing power, Reaction with water, Reactivity of the elements,
Hydrogen halides, Halides, Bridging halides, Halogen oxides,
Interhalogen compounds, Polyhalides, Basic properties of halogens,
Pseudohalogens and pseudohalides.
Section III
Group 18 elements : The noble gases:
Name of group and their
electronic structure, Occurrence and recovery of the elements, Uses of elements,
physical properties, Special properties of helium, Chemical properties of the
noble gases, Chemistry of Xenon, Structure and bonding in Xenon compounds
Organometallic chemistry:
General methods of preparation, Bonding and structure of carbonyls and nitrosyls,
18e rule.
Non-transition
organometallics:
general survey, types, Synthetic methods of metal alkyls of group I, II and III
elements.
Transition
metals: transition
metals to carbon pi bonds, Alkenes complexes, Alkynes complexes, Allyl
complexes, Metallocenes (preparation, properties, structure and elementary
approach of bonding).
Section IV
Coordination chemistry: Double
salts and coordination compounds, Werner's work, Recent methods
of studying complexes, Effective atomic numbers, Shapes of
d-orbitals, Bonding in transition metal complexes, Valence
Bond theory, Ligand field theory, Crystal field theory, Octahedral
complexes, Effects of crystal field splitting, Tetragonal
distortion of octahedral complexes (Jahn-Teller distortion),
Square planar complexes, Tetrahedral complexes, Chelates,
Magnetism, Extension of the crystal field theory to allow
for some covalency, Molecular orbital picture (π acceptors
and π donors), Nomenclature of coordination compounds,
Isomerism (Polymerization, Ionization, Hydrate, Linkage, Coordination,
Coordination position, Geometrical, Optical).
Text Book:
Lee, J.D. "Concise Inorganic chemistry" 4th
edition, ELBS with Chapman and Hall, 1991.
PHYS
124 (Physics II)
Section I
Relativity: The postulates of relativity,
Measurement of time, The relativity of time, Length contraction and its
evidences, Doppler effect.
Relativistic Mechanics: Introduction, Mass
and force in relativity, Relativistic momentum and energy, Conversion of mass to
energy, Massless particle.
Section II
Holography: Synchronous detection, Hologram
of a plane wave, Reconstruction of the image, and Hologram of a point object,
Hologram of an arbitrary object, Quality of a photographic plate and the
exposure time, Three-dimensional reproduction of the object, Thick holograms (Denisyuk's
method), Bragg's law, Recording of holograms and reconstruction of a plane wave,
Recording of holograms and reconstruction of a spherical wave, Holographic
recording and reconstruction of the image of an arbitrary object,
Three-dimensional colored image, Peculiarities of holograms as carries of
information, Applications of holography,Polrization: Polarization of
light and polarimetry.
Section III
Atomic physics: Review of classical
physics. Black body radiation, Atomic structure and radioactivity and X rays,
Radioactivity: Radioactive decay,
Consequences of decay and units of radioactivity, Production of radio isotopes,
Interaction of radiation with matter and the effect of ionizing radiation on
biomolecules, Detection of radiation. GM and scintillation counter.
Plank's theory and birth of Quantum
physics: Atomic spectra, Schrodinger
wave equation, Molecular spectra
Section IV
Elementary particles:Introduction,
Antiparticles, pions and muons, The four fundamental forces, Leptons, Hadrons,
Quark, Model of hadrons, Strong force and QCD, Electroweak interactions, The W
and Z particles, High-energy accelerator.
CHEM 125 (Biomolecules I)
Section I
Amino acids, peptides and proteins:
Amino acids, Peptides and Proteins, Working with proteins,
The Covalent Structure of Proteins, Protein sequences and
evolution
Section II
Three Dimensional Structures of Protein:
Protein Secondary Structure, Protein Tertiary Structure, Protein
Quaternary Structure, Protein Denaturation and Folding
Section III
Carbohydrates
and Glycobiology: Monosaccharides
and Disaccharides, Polysaccharides, Glycoconjugates:
Proteoglycans, Glycoproteins and Glycolipids, Carbohydrates
as Informational Molecules: The Sugar Code, Working with Carbohydrates
Section
IV
Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids: Some Basics,
Nucleic Acid Structure, Nucleic Acid Chemistry, Other Functions
of Nucleotides
Text book :
Nelson D.L. and Cox M.M. "Lehninger Principle of Biochemistry"
4th Edition, Worth Publishers, USA
PRACTICALS FOR SECOND SEMESTER
Chem121L
1.Study
of the reaction between potassium persulphate and potassium iodide by Iodine
clock method and determination of the activation
energy.
2.Determination of the distribution coefficient of iodine between organic liquid
and water.
3.Determination of the mutual solubility curve of phenol and water and
hence determination of the upper consulate temperature.
4.Verification of the
Ostwald’s dilution law by measuring the conductance of acetic acid at different concentration and determination of the ionization constant of the
acid.
5.Determination of the
equivalent conductance at infinite dilution of strong electrolyte by conductance
measurment.
6.Study of the alkaline
hydrolysis of ethyle acetate at two temperatures titrimetrically and hence determination of the energy of activation of the reaction.
7.Study of the
adsorption of acetic acid from aqueous solution by activated charcoal and
examination of the validity of Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
8.Determination of the
concentration of halide mixture by potentiometric titration with silver nitrate.
9.Study of the
kinetics of iodination of acetone.
10.Determination of the
molecular weight of acetone.
11.Determination of the
cell constant.
Chem. 122L
1.Preparation
of acetanilide.
2.Preparation
of p-nitro acetanilide.
3.Preparation
of benzene azo beta-napthol.
4.Preparation
of phenyl hydroxylamine.
5.Preparation
of ethyl acetate.
6.Preparation
of benzanilide.
7.Preparation
of benzoic acid.
8.Distillation
under reduced pressure.
9.Fitration under partial vacuum.
Chem. 123L
1.Quantitative estimation of sulphate ion
as barium sulphate by gravimetry.
2.Preparation of
Prussian blue from iron fillings.
3.Preparation of
Cuprous chloride.
4.Preparation of
Tetra-ammine copper (II) sulphate.
5.Preparation of
Potassium trioxalato chromate.
6.
Preparation of
Chrome alum.
7. (a) Preparation of the standard deci
normal solution of oxalic acid and standardization of the given potassium
permanganate solution by it.
(b) Estimation of the
amount of Mohr’s salt and ferrous ion present in the given volume of Mohr’s salt
solution permanganetometrically in terms of gram equivalent and number of moles.
Phy 124L
1.To study the
characteristics of a given transistor.
2.To use a potentiometer
to find the internal resistance of a cell.
3.To use a potentiometer to calibrate a given
ammeter and voltmeter.
4.
To determine the ECE of given electrolytic surface.5. To use the earth
inductor to find the horizontal component of the earth's field.
Chem/Biochem 125L 1.Estimation
of carbohydrate by Anthrone’s method.
2.Determination
of alpha amylase activity of saliva by
Caravel’s method.
3.Determination
of reducing sugar by Benedict’s test.
4.Isolation
of casein from milk biochemically.
5.Determination
of the acid value of provided Vanaspati Ghee.
6.Determination
of the validity of Beer’s law for the colorimetric estimation of creatinine.
7.Determination
of the pka and ka value of p-nitrophenol by absorbance measurement.
8.Determination
of pI value of glycine.
9.Quantitative
estimation of blood sugar by enzymatic method.
10.Quantitative estimation of blood cholesterol by enzymatic method.
11.Determination of egg cholesterol.
12.Qualitative estimation of egg protein.
July 2003
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